Teethpaste Activated carbon for whitening and deodorant

Along with the increase of GDP, people’s social interactions become more frequent, and the level of communication, communication, negotiation and other activities is also constantly improving. People not only pay attention to personal appearance, but also pay more attention to every detail that affects the image. Oral health care is particularly important, especially for middle-aged and elderly people, whose oral odor and bad breath are more serious, which will bring disadvantages to their economic activities, social activities, and personal communication. People with more serious oral odor and bad breath always appear to be embarrassed in their various communication activities, which reduces the quality of communication activities. Toothpaste and mouth-cleaning are relatively good oral hygiene cleaning products, which can clean oral foreign bodies. In particular, activated carbon toothpaste and mouth-cleaning can kill and prevent pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity and improve the oral environment.
 
Although activated carbon powder for teeth whitening and mouth-cleaning have a certain effect on removing and inhibiting bad breath and oral odor, but people ignored effects of activated carbon powder for teeth to improve their deodorizing and odor removal effects. In order to continuously improve the effect of activated carbon powder toothpaste on the removal of oral odor and bad breath, many dental laboratories have conducted experiments and searched for some patented technical materials. After analyzing the bad breath, they have studied the causes of bad breath and found out the volatility of oral odor. substance. By adding a certain amount of adsorbent to the toothpaste, it can effectively adsorb the odor-causing volatile substances in the oral cavity, thereby achieving the effect of quickly and efficiently removing bad breath. The test has achieved the purpose of the test. 1 Analysis of halitosis 1.1 Analysis of the manifestations and etiology of halitosis.
 
Bad breath refers to a symptom that smells out of the mouth when breathing, and it mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. According to the survey, nearly 70% of people have experienced bad breath, and the incidence of bad breath in men is significantly higher than that in women. About 45% to 90% of the healthy population causes malodor to be confined to the oral cavity, but bad breath may also be a manifestation of other diseases of the body. Bad breath is caused by many factors inside and outside the mouth. The bad breath caused by the oral cavity is oral-induced bad breath, and the causes of oral-induced bad breath are basically the following: ①periodontal disease; ②tooth caries; ③necrotizing stomatitis; ④oral candidiasis; ⑤xerostomia; ⑥ Oral ulcers; ⑦ black hairy tongue; ⑧ denture; ⑨ Helicobacter pylori; ⑩ hereditary and autonomic neuropathy; 11 eating habits. The causes of non-oral halitosis include the following factors: ① digestive tract disease factors; ② respiratory disease factors; ③ smoking factors; ④ blood disease factors; ⑤ diabetes factors; ⑥ vitamin deficiency factors; ⑦ poisoning factors; ⑧ mentality Bad breath. 1.2 Analysis of oral halitosis As oral hygiene products, toothpaste, mouth-cleaning, etc. are only used to clean and repair the surface environment inside the oral cavity, this experiment mainly analyzes and studies oral halitosis. Most bad breath comes from the oral cavity, and oral diseases such as periodontitis, tartar, oral ulcers, and black tongue are closely related to bad breath.
 
2010 Issue 1, Huang Qiang, et al.: Experimental study on the effect of adsorbent on oral halitosis 21 bacteria, corrosive and emit peculiar smell. Bad breath is mainly caused by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria (such as: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedius, Fusobacterium nucleatum) decomposing sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine, cystine, and methionine) in the oral cavity. Bacterial corruption is the main metabolic process that produces bad breath. Lee et al. [1] used gas chromatographic analysis and other techniques to detect the composition of bad breath, and proved that the malodorous gas in the oral cavity is composed of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCS), indole, methyl indole, amine and fatty acid. Among them, VSCS is an important component that causes bad breath. It includes hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (CH3SH), ethyl sulfide and so on. 2 Analysis and screening of adsorbents Through the analysis and research of oral halitosis, it is known that the gas that causes oral odor is mainly composed of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCS). So how can the VSCS components in the oral cavity be quickly and effectively reduced? Activated carbon powder toothpaste has a certain cleaning function for the oral cavity. The antibacterial agents, surfactants, and flavors in the paste can be used to inhibit the growth of bacteria; it is useful for covering the odor of the oral cavity. A certain effect; however, antibacterial agents and flavors cannot quickly and efficiently reduce the concentration of VSCS components that already exist in the oral cavity. In order to improve the special effect of toothpaste body in removing bad breath, we consulted some domestic and foreign patented technical materials, and searched for some foreign brand toothpastes. Some developed countries, especially Japan, pay special attention to oral hygiene. They use toothpaste and other oral cleaning products to eliminate bad breath and improve the effectiveness of deodorization. Adsorbents are added to toothpaste formulations as an effective ingredient to eliminate bad breath. There have been many patent research reports in Japan, and there are also many toothpaste products that add adsorbents. In order to efficiently and quickly reduce the concentration of volatile sulfide VSCS components in the oral cavity, we used adsorbents as the functional components of the paste formulation to conduct this experimental study. 2.1 The characteristics of adsorbents Solid substances that can effectively adsorb certain components from gases or liquids are called adsorbents, also called absorbents. The characteristics of adsorbents: large specific surface area, suitable pore structure and surface structure; strong adsorption capacity for adsorbents; generally do not chemically react with adsorbents and media, easy to manufacture, easy to regenerate, and have good mechanical strength Wait. The good adsorption performance of the adsorbent is due to its dense pore structure. The physical properties related to the pores of the adsorbent are as follows. 2.1.1 Pore volume (VP) The volume of micropores in an adsorbent is called pore volume, which is usually expressed in terms of the volume of micropores in the adsorbent per unit weight (cm3/g). The pore volume is the effective volume of the adsorbent, which is a value calculated from the saturated adsorption capacity, that is, the volume of the adsorbent that the adsorbent can hold, so it is better to have a larger pore volume. The pore volume (Vk) of the adsorbent is not necessarily equal to the pore volume (VP). Only the micropores in the adsorbent can be adsorbed, so the coarse pores are not included in the VP. And Vk includes the volume of all pores, which is generally larger than VP. 2.1.2 The specific surface area is the surface area of ​​the adsorbent per unit weight, and the common unit is m2/g (per gram square meter). The specific surface area of ​​the adsorbent is hundreds to thousands of square meters per gram. The specific surface area of ​​the adsorbent is mainly the surface of the pore walls, and the outer surface of the adsorbent is very small. 2.1.3 Pore size and pore size distribution In the adsorbent, the shape of the pores is extremely irregular, and the pore size is also different. A hole with a diameter of several angstroms (A0) to several tens of angstroms is called a fine hole, and a hole with a diameter of hundreds of angstroms or more is called a coarse hole. The more pores, the larger the pore volume and the larger the specific surface area, which is conducive to the adsorption of adsorbates. The function of the coarse pores is to provide a pathway for adsorbate molecules to enter the adsorbent. The relationship between coarse pores and fine pores is the same as that of streets and alleys. Only through the coarse pores can foreign molecules reach the depth of the adsorbent quickly. Therefore, coarse holes should also account for an appropriate proportion. Coarse and fine pores in adsorbents such as activated carbon and silica gel are formed during the manufacturing process. Zeolite molecular sieves form crystals with a diameter of several microns during synthesis, in which only uniform pores are formed, and coarse pores between crystals are formed when they are formed. Pore ​​size distribution is the relationship between the size of the pore size and the corresponding pore volume, which characterizes the pore characteristics of the adsorbent. 2.1.4 Apparent gravity (dl) is also known as apparent gravity. The volume (V1) of the adsorbent particles is composed of two parts: the volume of the solid framework (Vg) and the pore volume (Vk), namely: V1 =Vg+Vk The apparent weight is the weight of the adsorbent particles (D) and its occupied The ratio of volume (V1). The pore volume (Vk) of the adsorbent is not necessarily equal to the pore volume (VP), only the micropores in the adsorbent are effective, so the coarse pores are not included in the VP. And Vk includes the volume of all pores, which is generally larger than VP. 2.1.5 The true gravity (dg) is also called the gravity or the weight of the adsorbent solid, that is, the ratio of the weight (D) of the adsorbent particles to the volume Vg of the solid skeleton. Assuming that the weight of the adsorbed particles is based on one gram, according to the definition of apparent gravity and true gravity: dl=1 /V1 dg=1 /Vg Then the pore volume of the adsorbent is:
 
22 Huang Qiang, et al.: Experimental study on the effect of adsorbents on oral halitosis, 2010 Vol. 1 Vk=1/dl 1/dg 2.1.6 Bulk weight (db), also known as filling weight, that is, the adsorbent filled in a unit volume Agent weight. It also includes the space between the adsorbed particles, and the bulk density is an important parameter for calculating the volume of the adsorbent. The above weight units are usually expressed in g/cm3, kg/l, kg/m3. 2.1.7 Porosity (εk) is the ratio of the pore volume of the adsorbed particles to the particle volume. εk=Vk/(Vg+Vk)=(dg-dl)/dg =1 -dl/dg 2.1.8 Porosity (ε) is the ratio of the space between the adsorbed particles to the bulk volume of the adsorbent. ε=( Vb-V1) /Vb =( dl-db) /dl =1 -db/dl of . Just like magnetism, all molecules have mutual gravitation. Because of this, a large number of molecules on the pore wall of activated carbon can generate strong gravitational force, so as to achieve the purpose of adsorbing impurities in the medium into the pore size. However, the diameter of these adsorbed impurity molecules must be smaller than the pore diameter of the activated carbon, so as to ensure that the impurities are adsorbed into the pore diameter. In addition to physical adsorption, chemical reactions often occur on the surface of activated carbon. Activated carbon not only contains carbon, but also contains a small amount of chemical bonds on its surface-oxygen and hydrogen in the form of functional groups, such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, phenols, lactones, esters, ethers and so on. The oxides or complexes on these surfaces can chemically react with the adsorbed substances, so that the adsorbed substances are complexed and aggregated on the surface of the activated carbon. The wood activated carbon with rich microporous structure has a strong adsorption effect on the pollutants in the gas. Contaminant molecule capture. The more developed the pore structure of activated carbon, the larger the pore volume and specific surface area, and the stronger the adsorption capacity. Wood activated carbon has the following characteristics: ①The pollutant molecules in the microporous structure gas are relatively small, while the micropores of the activated carbon are only slightly larger than the pollutant molecules. It is suitable for adsorbing various pollutants in the gas and avoids desorption due to excessive pore size. . ②Physical adsorption Activated carbon absorbs pollutants into the micropores through the surrounding van der Waals force, so as to achieve the effect of purifying gas. The adsorption belongs to physical adsorption, and there is no secondary pollution. ③Adsorption saturation Activated carbon absorbs pollutants into the micropores through the surrounding van der Waals force, thereby achieving the effect of purifying gas. However, the number of activated carbon pores is certain, and the adsorption capacity reaches a certain level to reach a saturated state. ④Activation treatment Since activated carbon is a carbonaceous material that has undergone activation treatment, it will not cause environmental pollution by itself. ⑤Disintegration effect Wood activated carbon has low strength and soft nature. After a certain external force is applied, it will disintegrate and the particles will become smaller. Due to the low strength of wood activated carbon, it will not harm the gums when it is added to the toothpaste component. The disintegration of wooden activated carbon increases its specific surface area and improves the adsorption effect of activated carbon. Due to the characteristics of wood activated carbon, we chose wood activated carbon as the adsorbent of the toothpaste formula for this experiment. However, for safety, the selected wooden activated carbon must meet the medical grade standard.